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Janka
hardness ratings are a measure of the hardness of wood, produced by a
variation on the Brinell hardness test. The test measures the force
required to push a steel ball with a diameter of 11.28 millimeters
(0.444 inches) into the wood to a depth of half the ball's diameter. The
results are stated in various ways in different countries, which can
lead to confusion, especially since the name of the actual units
employed is often not attached. In the United States, the measurement is
in pounds-force.
The
most common use of Janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a
species is suitable for use as flooring. Essentially this measures a
wood's density and thus its dent resistance – so the higher the number
the less likely a floor is to dent. It’s important to understand that
while hardwood floors are tough; when it comes to indentations no floor
is impervious to damage. Certain species of wood, are less likely to
dent, but when they do, harder species will have shallow dents when
compared to average or softer species of wood. |
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Click on the image above for and enlarged pdf
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|
Wood Flooring Species |
Hardness |
| Ipe /
Brazilian Walnut / Lapacho |
3684 |
|
Cumaru / Brazilian Teak |
3540 |
| Ebony |
3220 |
|
Brazilian Redwood / Paraju |
3190 |
| Angelim Pedra |
3040 |
|
Bloodwood |
2900 |
| Red Mahogany,
Turpentine |
2697 |
|
Spotted Gum |
2473 |
| Brazilian
Cherry / Jatoba |
2350 |
|
Mesquite |
2345 |
| Santos
Mahogany, Bocote, Cabreuva |
2200 |
|
Pradoo |
2170 |
| Brushbox |
2135 |
|
Karri |
2030 |
| Sydney Blue
Gum |
2023 |
|
Bubinga |
1980 |
| Cameron |
1940 |
|
Tallowwood |
1933 |
| Merbau |
1925 |
|
Amendoim |
1912 |
| Jarrah |
1910 |
|
Purpleheart |
1860 |
| Goncalo Alves
/ Tigerwood |
1850 |
|
Hickory / Pecan, Satinwood |
1820 |
| Afzelia /
Doussie |
1810 |
|
Bangkirai |
1798 |
| Rosewood |
1780 |
|
African Padauk |
1725 |
| Blackwood |
1720 |
|
Merbau |
1712 |
| Kempas |
1710 |
|
Locust |
1700 |
| Highland Beech |
1686 |
|
Wenge, Red Pine |
1630 |
| Tualang |
1624 |
|
Zebrawood |
1575 |
| True Pine,
Timborana |
1570 |
|
Peroba |
1557 |
| Kambala |
1540 |
|
Sapele / Sapelli |
1510 |
| Curupixa |
1490 |
|
Sweet Birch |
1470 |
| Hard Maple /
Sugar Maple |
1450 |
|
Coffee Bean |
1390 |
| Natural Bamboo
(represents one species) |
1380 |
|
Australian Cypress |
1375 |
| White Oak |
1360 |
|
Tasmanian Oak |
1350 |
| Ribbon Gum |
1349 |
|
Ash (White) |
1320 |
| American Beech |
1300 |
|
Red Oak (Northern) |
1290 |
| Carribean
Heart Pine |
1280 |
|
Yellow Birch |
1260 |
| Movingui |
1230 |
|
Heart Pine |
1225 |
| Carbonized
Bamboo (represents one species) |
1180 |
|
Cocobolo |
1136 |
| Brazilian
Eucalyptus / Rose Gum |
1125 |
|
Makore |
1100 |
| Boreal |
1023 |
|
Black Walnut |
1010 |
| Teak |
1000 |
|
Sakura |
995 |
| Black Cherry,
Imbuia |
950 |
|
Boire |
940 |
| Paper Birch |
910 |
|
Cedar |
900 |
| Southern
Yellow Pine (Longleaf) |
870 |
|
Lacewood,
Leopardwood |
840 |
| Parana |
780 |
|
Sycamore |
770 |
| Shedua |
710 |
|
Southern Yellow Pine (Loblolly and
Shortleaf) |
690 |
| Douglas Fir |
660 |
|
Larch |
590 |
| Chestnut |
540 |
|
Hemlock |
500 |
| White Pine |
420 |
|
Basswood |
410 |
| Eastern White
Pine |
380 |
|